Disertación/Tesis

2024
Disertaciones
1
  • ADRIELE MÉRCIA ALVES SANTOS
  • EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE REAGENTS IN THE ANIonic FLOTATION OF PHOSPHATE ORE USING FACTOR DESIGN

  • Líder : NATAL JUNIO PIRES
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • LUCAS CAIXETA GONTIJO
  • LEANDRO HENRIQUE SANTOS
  • MICHELLY DOS SANTOS OLIVEIRA
  • NATAL JUNIO PIRES
  • Data: 05-feb-2024

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Since phosphate ore is the main component for the production of phosphate fertilizers, it has apatite
     as a mineral ore, where it is accompanied by gangue minerals, such as carbonates. 
    For the production of fertilizers, the phosphate ore is subjected to unit steps within 
    the treatment of minerals, including concentration, so that the phosphate concentrate 
    is formed. Among the main methods of concentration of this ore is flotation. 
    However, some types of phosphate ore present difficulties in flotation, mainly 
    due to the similarity between apatite, dolomite and calcite. In view of this, several 
    studies are carried out that seek to find routes, either by analyzing reagents or by 
    analyzing other flotation variables to obtain an efficient operation, and thus produce 
    an adequate phosphate concentrate. Within this context, this work aims to evaluate 
    some flotation reagents, as well as other variables, through fractional and complete 
    factorial design, ending with obtaining a response surface. For this, the mineral sample, 
    which was pre-prepared, was sieved through a 20# sieve, and subsequently through
     a 65# sieve, deslimed, and its granulometric analysis carried out with wet
     sieving and pycnometry. After this initial stage, flotation tests will be carried out
     based on the 24-1 fractional factorial design, in order to carry out a quantitative 
    evaluation about the variables selected for the study (type of collector, collector dosage,
     depressant dosage and pH). With these tests, the chemical and statistical analysis 
    will be carried out, thus conducting the second phase of tests. This phase also consists 
    of flotation tests based on the complete factorial design, qualitatively and quantitatively
     analyzing the variables selected in the statistical analysis of the 1st phase. Subsequently, 
    the chemical and statistical analysis of the results obtained will be carried out, 
    proceeding to obtain the response surface. With these flotation steps, it is intended
     to obtain the variables that really influence the flotation process, evaluating its 
    optimal dosing conditions, in addition to evaluating the ideal pH for this, and thus
     producing a phosphate concentrate with phosphate content, in addition to other 
    relationships, within industrial parameters. 
2
  • GILBERTO XAVIER JÚNIOR
  • EQUIVALENCE OF THE TOWARDS SUSTAINABLEMINING WASTE PROTOCOL IN RELATION TO THE GISTM AND THE ISO 14001:2015 STANDARD

  • Líder : ALEXANDER MARTIN SILVEIRA GIMENEZ
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ALEXANDER MARTIN SILVEIRA GIMENEZ
  • ALLAN ERLIKHMAN MEDEIROS SANTOS
  • JOSIMAR DOS REIS DE SOUZA
  • Data: 05-feb-2024

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Mining activity, of significant economic importance in various countries, has raised substantial environmental concerns, particularly in the realm of waste generation and management. Within this context, the Canadian program Towards Sustainable Mining (TSM), the Global Industry Standard on Tailings Management (GISTM), and the ISO 14001:2015 standard have emerged as tools adopted by mining companies to elevate environmental management standards in their operations. However, the independent implementation of these standards is a common practice, resulting in gaps in environmental management. This work proposes an approach aiming at the integration of the TSM, GISTM, and ISO 14001 Tailings Management Protocol in mining projects, with the purpose of enhancing environmental management and mitigating negative impacts. The methodology employed involved a comparative analysis of equivalence between the criteria of the TSM Tailings Management Protocol checklist in relation to the GISTM and ISO 14001:2015. The objectives outlined throughout this study were successfully achieved, revealing a significant equivalence between the requirements and criteria of TSM, GISTM, and ISO 14001:2015. This equivalence not only validates the feasibility of an integrated approach but also points to a strategic opportunity, allowing organizations to optimize their efforts in the implementation and maintenance of these systems.

3
  • ISADORA FERREIRA
  • STUDY OF THE USE OF INPUTS IN THE IRON ORE PELLETIZING PROCESS

  • Líder : FABIO DE SAO JOSE
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ALEXANDER MARTIN SILVEIRA GIMENEZ
  • DANIEL GERALDO DA CRUZ
  • FABIO DE SAO JOSE
  • Data: 29-feb-2024

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Pelletizing is the main process for agglomerating iron ore fines, but with the reduction in reserves of high quality iron ore, the growing generation of ultrafines and the need to increase productivity, there is a need for constant updating and the search for process improvements. Thus, the main purpose of the project was to investigate the influence of inputs on the pelletization of iron ore, in addition to combining the use of inputs, analysis of content, oxide concentration, strength and moisture of the final pellets. The aim of the research was to optimize agglomeration with the chosen inputs, seeking the best results by comparing them according to each test carried out. To this end, samples of pellet feed (divided into lots 1, 2 and 3) from the company Herculano Mineração, Itabirito-MG, bentonite, calcitic limestone, dolomitic limestone and coke made available by the company Vallourec, Nova Lima-MG, were used. As for the tests, the samples were chemically and granulometrically characterized, bench tests were carried out in the ore treatment laboratory at PUC/MG Coração Eucarístico, the pelletizing process was carried out on a CDC pelletizing plate, the pellet moisture content was determined and a drop test was carried out to determine the mechanical resistance to dropping. The pellet feed samples have an average iron content of approximately 64%. The batches achieved PCC percentages close to the target of 3.56%; 3.84%; 4.19%, respectively, and 100% grain size below 150 μm. The product, the raw pellets, had a moisture content of 8% and an average drop resistance value of 1.18 ± 0.06 kgf/pellet (2 drops to crack). The pellets from batch 1, using calcitic limestone, had a higher percentage of CaO, an increase in the percentage of Fe and a Fe₂O₃ content of approximately 93%, and this batch was the one that interacted best with the binder. With regard to basicity, batches 1 and 2 obtained an index between 0.06 and 0.08, i.e. considered acidic, and batch three, because it used both fluxes together, had an increase in the concentration of calcium oxide, and reached a percentage of 0.19%, considered low basicity pellets, all of which are used in direct reduction for the production of sponge iron.

4
  • CARLOS MURILO DA SILVA FILHO
  • EVALUATION OF THE PRODUCTIVITY FOR THE TAILINGS FILTRATION CIRCUIT

  • Líder : MICHELLY DOS SANTOS OLIVEIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • FRANCISCO GREGIANIN TESTA
  • MICHELLY DOS SANTOS OLIVEIRA
  • NATAL JUNIO PIRES
  • Data: 29-feb-2024
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Mining companies are increasingly seeking alternatives to tailings dams due to major accidents in the last decade. One of the ways used to meet this demand has been the dry disposal of the tailings, which occurs after a detailed filtration process. This technology helps to maintain productivity, water recirculation in the process and to dispose of the tailings safely. Although filtration is a known technology, the domain of process variables for certain lithologies has not yet been established, requiring detailed studies and a better understanding. One way to help the productivity of the filters, in addition to the characteristics of the filter clothes, is the use of chemical filtration assistants, which can reduce the tailings moisture to be deposited, thus increasing the recirculation of process water, and increasing the filtration rate. In this sense, the present work aimed to achieve the best results to achieve the optimal moisture and the highest possible filtration rate (dry mass/time/filtration area), using chemical filtration assistants and different filter clothes. To conclude these objectives, bench filtration tests (Leaf Tests), with vacuum filters, were performed using process water, common water, paper filters, filter clothes and chemical filtration assistants, supplied by companies operating in national and international mining. A tailings sample, from the company AngloGold Ashanti, located in the city of Crixás, in the state of Goiás, was used throughout the research. The tests were carried out at The Mineral Treatment Laboratory of CEFET – MG and the statistical analysis of the results was performed using Minitab Statistical Software®. The results achieved, using the reagents and filter clothes, with the bench tests, were satisfactory, obtaining 13.7% moisture (wet base) in the cake, reaching the optimal moisture performed by the compaction test and an average TUF (filtration rate) of 280 kg/h/m², above the TUF achieved by the tests without the addition of reagents. Separately, the optimization tests with the use of the reagent Flocticor FA 18899 showed a gain of 4% in productivity, while the optimization tests with the use of filter cloth made with 100% polyamide, permeability between 84.9 and 135.9 m³/h and grammage of 348 g/cm² showed a gain of 7.7% in productivity. The use of chemical filtration assistants and filter clothes has demonstrated the feasibility of achieving optimal moisture levels on an industrial scale while also increasing the filtration rate. 

5
  • MAYARA BRUNO DA CUNHA
  • VALIDATION TEST FOR AUTONOMOUS TRUCK IN AN OPEN PIT MINE
     
  • Líder : MARCELIO PRADO FONTES
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MICHEL MELO OLIVEIRA
  • MARCELIO PRADO FONTES
  • GERALDO DUTRA NETO
  • Data: 11-mar-2024

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • To keep up with the growth of the sector, the transformation and market challenges that are emerging, mining has increasingly adopted automation as a safety and productivity factor in its operations, where autonomous transport has proven to be a good alternative. Although autonomous trucks are already in operation in some mines in Brazil, the acquisition of an autonomous fleet still requires a large investment, so an acquisition decision requires prior operational validation, through field tests, in order to create technical evidence for safe decision-making about the change, analyzing the feasibility of applying the technology or product in the operational reality of each mine. This work focused on carrying out a scripted and standardized validation test for autonomous trucks in an open pit mine, mapping and implementing monitoring parameters and performance indicators, as well as the infrastructure necessary to carry out the test. By directing the process flowchart generated, it was possible to map the indicators necessary to validate, eliminating eight unnecessary operational stops in the test and creating eight new crucial indicators to measure AHS (Autonomous Haulage System) performance. It was possible to identify that the technology presented still needs improvements in data collection tools, so that they can support the economic feasibility study of an AHS. Important reflections were developed regarding the operational and infrastructure challenges involved in the implementation of an autonomous area, with network communication being a crucial point. The project also brought gains in terms of the team's maturity in relation to autonomous transport.

     
2023
Disertaciones
1
  • ALESSANDRO FIDELIS DOS SANTOS
  • TWO-DIMENSIONAL AND THREE-DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS OF GEOTECHNICAL STABILITY OF OPEN PIT MINE

     
     
  • Líder : THIAGO BOMJARDIM PORTO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • THIAGO BOMJARDIM PORTO
  • MARCELIO PRADO FONTES
  • HILDOR JOSE SEER
  • THIAGO CRUZ BRETAS
  • LUMA ALVARENGA CARVALHO DE VASCONCELOS
  • Data: 28-feb-2023
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The stability analyses of slope commonly used in the practice of geotechnical engineering are two-dimensional. However, the three-dimensional evaluation tends to be more "rigorous", due to the consideration of the 3D geometric shape of the rupture surface, thus representing the actual condition most likely to occur in the field. However, the success of a numerical analysis of geotechnical stability of slope depends on the availability and quality of input data in the model, not limited to: original topography of the terrain, water level, final geometry of the georeferenced slope, geological parameters cos-geotechnical, among others.  The more sophisticated a numerical analysis is, the more input data is required of the engineer and computational processing time is longer. The use of inaccurate or superficially estimated data can trigger poor results, not validating the result obtained in the stability analysis. The case study of this work is an open pit mine located within the Mineral Complex of Patrocínio-MG, which began its activities in 2017.  This is an economical phosphate deposit that occurs in the central area of Saltpeter I. The project was initially designed to have a useful life of 85 years, with a final production forecast of 950 million tons ROM (Run of Mine). The perimeter of the final pit is expected to be 7.6 km and the maximum height of the pit is in the order of 300 meters, values that are reviewed annually by the mining team's geology and mining planning team. For sectorization of the critical stretch of the pit of this research, the automatic search tool of the Slide3 Software company Rocscience was used. The stability method adopted for the present research was the Limit Equilibrium Method (LEM) proposed by Morgenstern and Price in 1965 for two-dimensional problems with 1-meter-thick lamellae, later adapted to three-dimensional problems, where 2D lamellae were replaced by 3D columns, thus generalizing their use. The preliminary results of this research show similarities in the Values of SF obtained in 2D and 3D analyses, and the two-dimensional analyses are more conservative, thus justifying their daily use of geotechnical projects.

     
     
2
  • DANIELLE FERREIRA MAGALHÃES
  • GEOTECHNICAL STABILITY ANALYSIS OF PHOSPHOGYPSUM STACK

  • Líder : THIAGO BOMJARDIM PORTO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ALLAN ERLIKHMAN MEDEIROS SANTOS
  • HILDOR JOSE SEER
  • TEREZINHA DE JESUS ESPOSITO BARBOSA
  • THIAGO BOMJARDIM PORTO
  • Data: 28-feb-2023
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The present work aims to analyze the geotechnical stability of a phosphogypsum stack located in the State of Minas Gerais, using geological-geotechnical data obtained through laboratory and field investigations, as well as information obtained through monitoring instruments of the respective geotechnical structure, highlighting: surface landmarks, piezometers, water level indicators, outlets, among others. In this way, it is possible to observe the displacements, underpressure, water table, seepage flows, deformations of the massif, levels of insitu stresses and permeability coefficient, thus making it possible to assess whether the analysis of geotechnical stability should be done in terms of total stresses (undrained parameters) or in terms of effective stresses (drained parameters). The field investigation campaign consists of SPT, CPT, CPTu tests and permeability tests. The conventional laboratory tests used were: granulometry, real grain density, natural density, maximum and minimum void index, consistency limits (Atterberg), moisture content and simple compression. The special laboratory tests used were: consolidation, direct shear (saturated and unsaturated) and triaxial tests (CD and CU). The case study of this work started its activities in 1979. The project was initially conceived to have 85 meters. Currently, the highest section of the stack is already about 85 meters high and has an estimated area of 160 hectares, values that are reviewed annually by the mining company's project team. For the sectorization of the critical section of the slope of the stack in this research, the steepest cross-section was used, with conservative geotechnical parameters. The stability method adopted for the present research was the General Limit Equilibrium Method proposed by Morgenstern and Price. Its choice is due to its physical-mathematical rigor that makes it possible to carry out an analysis in terms of balance of forces and moments at the same time. This work also discusses the magnitude of the geotechnical parameters (cohesion, friction angle, specific weight and permeability coefficient) obtained in the researched databases. Therefore, a sensibilistic analysis will be carried out, presenting their most probable values. The choice regarding the theme of this work was motivated by the search for an understanding of the behavior of a unique geotechnical structure in Brazil that until then was classified by the supervisory bodies as a dam, and recently reclassified as a drained stack.

3
  • GUILHERME SILVA
  • DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF A METHODOLOGICAL PROPOSAL OF OBJECTIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE EVALUATION OF THE EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN FOR MINING DAMS

  • Líder : THIAGO BOMJARDIM PORTO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ALEXANDER MARTIN SILVEIRA GIMENEZ
  • LUCAS SAMUEL SANTOS BRASIL
  • TEREZINHA DE JESUS ESPOSITO BARBOSA
  • THIAGO BOMJARDIM PORTO
  • Data: 10-mar-2023
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Due to the large proportion of accidents that occurred in Minas Gerais involving dams for the accumulation of mining tailings, Mariana (2015) and Brumadinho (2019) respectively, through legal instruments, the state has sought a level of maturity in terms of management of dams with the aim of eradicating accidents of these proportions. Therefore, currently, obtaining or renewing installation and operation licenses in the state of Minas is linked to formal approval by the competent PAEBM body. Many requirements have been published to guide the preparation, review and approval of this extensive and complex document. The accurate and impartial evaluation of documents in the state is, therefore, an immeasurable challenge, given the amount of information generated and the various areas that permeate the objective of the PAEBM in compliance with the State Policy on Dam Safety. This work aims to present guidelines that make it possible to technically assist the control bodies in the analysis of Emergency Action Plans for Mining Dams ("PAEBM") in accordance with Resolution No. 95, of February 7, 2022, which consolidates the normative acts that provide for the safety of mining dams, as well as other complementary and specific ones, such as the State Policy on Dam Safety - Law. 23,291 of February 25, 2019. To this end, it is intended to develop and apply methodology developed in the research in a real case study of a dam located in the Iron Quadrangle of Minas Gerais, pointing out opportunities for improvement.

4
  • MARLOS ELIAS BORGES
  • STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY ANS 3D MAGNETIC MODELING OF THE MAGNETIC PRATINHA ANOMALY

  • Líder : HILDOR JOSE SEER
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ALEXANDER MARTIN SILVEIRA GIMENEZ
  • ALLAN ERLIKHMAN MEDEIROS SANTOS
  • HILDOR JOSE SEER
  • PAULO ROBERTO ANTUNES ARANHA
  • Data: 18-may-2023
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The Alto Paranaíba Igneous Province (APIP) is a region in southeastern Brazil where a set of aligned circular structures occurs that resulted from alkaline magmatism that occurred in the Upper Cretaceous. Intrusive processes have modified the geometry of brittle and ductile structures imprinted on the rocks of the Brasília Belt since pre-Cretaceous times. APIP has alkaline-carbonatite intrusions that are characterized by the presence of associated magnetic anomalies. The Pratinha magnetic anomaly, the focus of this dissertation, is one of these alkaline intrusions, which presents a tripolar magnetic anomaly of about 50 km in diameter and which does not have an outcropping igneous body. Thus, the best way to approach this anomaly and understand its origin and dimension is through indirect methods, such as geophysics, direct observation of outcrops, through structural geology. The study of structural geology tries to understand how, or if, the intrusion caused changes in the geometry of brittle and ductile structures in the vicinity of the intrusion, even if it is located in depth, in addition to being able to serve as a basis for future work, in case the body comes to be explored. The structural geology study involved the use of digital elevation model and satellite images to collect regional brittle fracturing and foliation ductile data and was complemented with fieldwork to collect brittle deformation data close to the anomaly. The geophysical study uses magnetic data inversion to determine the depth as well as the size of the intrusion. Three inversion models were generated varying the cell size with dimensions of 1000x1000 m, 500x500 m and 250x250 m. The first inversion returned 2 bodies as responsible for the anomaly, their tops would be 1400 meters below the surface and their volume would be about 253 Km³. The other models, in turn, returned a single body responsible for the anomaly about 2 km from the surface and having a volume of approximately 700 km³.

     

     

5
  • LUIZ GUSTAVO MORAES DE MACÊDO
  • PERFORMANCE OF TURBIDITY CURTAINS IN A STORM DRAINAGE SYSTEM APPLIED TO A WASTE ROCK DUMP

     
     
     
  • Líder : MARIA DAS GRAÇAS GARDONI ALMEIDA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MARIA DAS GRAÇAS GARDONI ALMEIDA
  • HERSILIA DE ANDRADE E SANTOS
  • ENNIO MARQUES PALMEIRA
  • KARLA CRISTINA ARAUJO PIMENTEL MAIA
  • Data: 04-ago-2023
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • In mining, it is common to direct rainwater to the nearest water bodies, seeking to avoid accumulation and infiltration of water in mining structures. However, little is discussed about the minimization of turbidity in the generated effluent because is usual are dams downstream of structures, which stabilize and clarify this effluent. Because the environmental disasters have occurred in recent years, the environmental agencies have been imposing severe restrictions on the creation of new structures. With this, mining has sought other technologies for this purpose to solve the problem of high turbidity of rivers by fine sediments. Thus, it is necessary to import the concept of floating silt curtains to mining and evaluate the performance of these curtains through an experiment in a real structure to sediment containment, susceptible to flow peaks. The present work consists in the evaluation of the performance of turbidity curtains applied in a drainage system of a waste rock deposit of a phosphate rock mining in Alto Paranaíba, which does not have a dam structure that promotes the clarification of the rain effluent in an effective way. The first data collected showed effectiveness above the expected with 92.19% efficiency for the pouring structure (constant flow in lotic environment) and 60.83% with the structure in a lentic environment condition, without damage due to torrential rains. In the following months, a significant reduction in the efficiency of the curtains was evidenced due to the installation geometry adopted, short periods of drought and alteration of the water regime, favoring the generation of reverse flow inside the pond, degrading the efficiency of the system.


     
     
     
6
  • LUCAS ANDRADE E SOUZA
  • GEOTECHNICAL EVALUATION OF THE STABILITY OF A TAILINGS DAM BY PROBABILISTIC AND DETERMINISTIC METHODS

  • Líder : THIAGO BOMJARDIM PORTO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ALBERTO DE SAMPAIO FERRAZ JARDIM SAYÃO
  • ANDREA NASCIMENTO VECCI
  • ARMANDO BELATO PEREIRA
  • GUILHERME PEREIRA PINTO
  • LAYS CRISTINA BARCELOS DE SOUZA D'HYPPOLITO
  • THIAGO BOMJARDIM PORTO
  • Data: 15-ago-2023
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The stability analysis aims to verify the possibility of failure of the massif in an artificial or natural slope. The analysis is performed by comparing mobilized shear stresses and shear strength along a potential failure surface, from various design scenarios. The deterministic approach uses an estimate for each input parameter, however, it appears that, in nature, the properties of materials tend to be heterogeneous. Faced with this heterogeneity, oscillations may occur in the values adopted for the geotechnical parameters. The incorporation of probabilistic methods becomes an important tool to deal with the risks inherent to geotechnical works, since they incorporate the variability of project parameters, based on statistical distributions that consider the frequency of data occurrences and make it possible to calculate the probability of Rupture (PR) and the Reliability Index (β) of the structures. This research intends to reassess the safety of a tailings dam that broke in 2019 in the Iron Quadrangle of Minas Gerais, using deterministic and probabilistic analyses. Stability analyzes were performed using two deterministic (Morgenstern-Price and Spencer) and probabilistic (FOSM and Monte Carlo) methods. The results indicate that the position of the water table significantly influences the PR and β values. The choice of rupture surface is extremely important for calculating the Factor of Safety. In this research, the non-circular surface was more critical than the circular one for the two probabilistic methods considered. The FOSM method presented more conservative responses when compared to Monte Carlo, regardless of the position of the water level inside the dam.

7
  • FELICIO DE FREITAS SIMÕES
  • ASSESSMENT OF APATITE CONCENTRATION THROUGH FLOTATION AND WET HIGH INTENSITY MAGNETIC SEPARATION STAGES

     

  • Líder : MICHELLY DOS SANTOS OLIVEIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • FRANCISCO GREGIANIN TESTA
  • LEANDRO HENRIQUE SANTOS
  • MICHELLY DOS SANTOS OLIVEIRA
  • NATAL JUNIO PIRES
  • ROBERTO GALERY
  • Data: 25-ago-2023
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The use of the Wet High Intensity Magnetic Separator (WHIMS) stage in phosphate ores has been currently applied in the concentrate after the flotation stage. This application aims to remove minerals containing iron in order to improve the quality of the phosphate concentrate and reduce the impacts on the subsequent chemical process of the production of fertilizers. Aiming to remove contaminating minerals that impair the recovery of P2O5 during flotation, this work assessed the application of a WHIMS stage in the phosphate ore beneficiation route prior to flotation. A sample of phosphate ore from a mine located in Patrocínio/MG was hereby utilized. For this, comparative tests evaluating three situations were carried out: flotation without a WHIMS stage; flotation with a subsequent WHIMS stage; flotation with a previous WHIMS stage. To carry out the WHIMS, a 3mm matrix will be used and three different magnetic fields will be evaluated – 11,500, 13,500 and 15,500 Gauss. The high-intensity magnetic separation, applied as a stage prior to flotation, showed statistically satisfactory results when compared to the those considering this operation after the flotation stage. As for the response optimization, 92.31% of metallurgical recovery was obtained with 35% of P2O5 in the concentrate, which is also a result superior to the metallurgical recovery of the circuit without considering the WHIMS stage, which was of 89.4%. The removal of the contaminating minerals ilmenite, rutile, perovskite, iron oxides resulted in a better recovery of apatite in the flotation of the non-magnetic product. The study carried out demonstrated a potential gain toward industrial performance with the installation of a high-intensity magnetic separation stage prior to apatite flotation.

8
  • FELIPE TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA
  • GEOMETALLURGICAL MODEL FOR PREDICTING APATITE FROM CHEMICAL ANALYSIS

     
     
     
  • Líder : NATAL JUNIO PIRES
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • NATAL JUNIO PIRES
  • MARIO GUIMARAES JUNIOR
  • MICHELLY DOS SANTOS OLIVEIRA
  • LEANDRO HENRIQUE SANTOS
  • Data: 25-ago-2023
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Geometallurgy is a combination of geological and metallurgical information from the mine, including
    chemical analysis, capable of predicting the behavior of an ore, aiming at maximizing
    the Net Present Value (NPV), which is an important financial indicator. This optimization can
    be achieved via protection of metallurgical recovery and/or via reduction of operating costs,
    mainly related to the consumption of reagents. Currently, geometallurgy at the company has
    been carried out by the geology team, which classifies the ore into 5 (five) typologies monitored
    in hole monitoring and chemical analysis. Each typology is indexed with metallurgical
    information (recovery, reagent consumption, natural mud and contents of each oxide). However,
    within the same typology it is possible to observe metallurgical differences. For this reason,
    a newapproach is proposed in thiswork. With a database, obtained from drill holes, which contains
    information from chemical and mineralogical analyses, using the Minitab software it was
    possible to obtain a linear regression model with an R2(pred) of 92.76%, capable of predicting the
    percentage of phosphorus (P) from apatites (P-apatite) in each sample. This approach, unlike
    the previous one which classified the ore into classes, numerically determines the P-apatite
    of each ore block through chemical analysis. Next, it is checked whether the P-apatite obtained
    by the model has a significant effect on the geometallurgical model via laboratory tests.
    The laboratory flotation tests were carried out, in bench columns, using P-apatite as a factor,
    along with other important factors for flotation tests, which are reagent dosage and pH. As a
    result of these tests, P-apatite showed a significant effect both for metallurgical recovery, with
    a contribution of 33.65%, and for the non-concentrated P2O5 content, with a contribution of
    66.84%. The geometallurgical model idealized with information from the P-apatite presented
    an R2(pred) of 94.03% for the metallurgical recovery and 62.83% for the grade. These R2 values
    show the statistical similarity of this proposed new approach, since there is concrete evidence
    that p-apatite is a statistically relevant factor for a future geometallurgical model.

     
9
  • ANTONIO FERNANDO MARTINS
  • ANALYSIS OF THE TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY OF DRY SCREENING OF PYROCHLORINE ORE (ROM)

  • Líder : FABIO DE SAO JOSE
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • FABIO DE SAO JOSE
  • MICHELLY DOS SANTOS OLIVEIRA
  • RAFAEL DE SOUZA RODRIGUES
  • LEANDRO DIAS DA SILVA
  • Data: 14-sep-2023
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Vibrating screens are equipment widely used in mineral beneficiation circuits in various functions, in primary separation processing large blocks or even fine scalping for a crusher, it can also be used in a dewatering process, processing slurries. Ore screening is still a process marked by a scarce volume of specific information and little research carried out. Most of the models and relationships between known variables and parameters have emerged from laboratory tests or based on trial and error in industrial experience. Although screening functions are easy to understand, the process for sizing and selecting equipment is very complex. When material humidity is considered high, the calculations may have many deviations and simply not work. This work proposes to survey the conditions of the ROM ore (run-off-mine) making its correlation with the development parameters of screens for screening in natural humidity and verify if this screening can be viable under these conditions. Finally, it was raised how new technologies can help in this screening. Dimensional data of these equipment, operational variables and the material itself were used to calculate the dimension of an ideal sieve, using classic sieving methods. Two methods were used for this work, the Allis-Chalmers method resulting in an area of 13.5 m2 and the Peter King method (MPK) resulting in an area of 19.13 m2. A scalping screen with a smaller area can be used, but with a reduction of the screening efficiency to 82%. The dry sieving of the material is technically feasible within the suggested screen opening and according to the proposed technologies such as banana sieve, elliptical movement and use of self-cleaning screens.

10
  • MARIANA DE CASTRO PINTO
  • Application of mining waste in the production of soil-cement bricks
     
     
  • Líder : ALEXANDER MARTIN SILVEIRA GIMENEZ
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MARKSSUEL TEIXEIRA MARVILA
  • ALEXANDER MARTIN SILVEIRA GIMENEZ
  • DOMINGOS SAVIO DE RESENDE
  • LUCAS MARTINS GUIMARÃES
  • MARCELA MAIRA NASCIMENTO DE SOUZA SOARES
  • Data: 20-oct-2023
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Mineral processing generates a high volume of waste, generally deposited in dams. This form of deposition of this material can present high costs, environmental and social impacts and risk situations. Given this, mining companies have been exploring and developing alternatives and new techniques to use waste from ore processing, trying to reduce damage, disposal in the environment and waste of materials. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the feasibility of using waste from the extraction and processing of phosphate in the incorporation of the soil-cement brick formulation, adding value to a mining by-product while combining sustainability. With this, in addition to an environmentally correct disposal of the waste, it is expected to provide low-cost material to stimulate new business in the community impacted by mining activity. And, to make this study viable, the characterization of the materials was carried out and subsequent determination of the traits for the manufacture of soil-cement bricks. The characterization of the samples was essential for the development of the work because there could be variations in the mineralogical composition, granulometry and chemical composition that could interfere with the parameters of the bricks and, after their manufacture, compressive strength and moisture absorption tests were carried out. water. As a result, bricks with high compressive strength and low water absorption were obtained, meeting the minimum parameters required by standards ABNT NBR 8491 (2012): Tijolo de solo cimento – requisitos and ABNT NBR 8492 (2012): Tijolo de solo-cimento – Análise dimensional, determinação da resistência à compressão e da absorção de água – Método de ensaio, proving that they are compatible with bricks commonly supplied on the market.

     
     
    Mineral processing generates a high volume of waste, generally deposited in dams. This form of deposition of this material can present high costs, environmental and social impacts and risk situations. Given this, mining companies have been exploring and developing alternatives and new techniques to use waste from ore processing, trying to reduce damage, disposal in the environment and waste of materials. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the feasibility of using waste from the extraction and processing of phosphate in the incorporation of the soil-cement brick formulation, adding value to a mining by-product while combining sustainability. With this, in addition to an environmentally correct disposal of the waste, it is expected to provide low-cost material to stimulate new business in the community impacted by mining activity. And, to make this study viable, the characterization of the materials was carried out and subsequent determination of the traits for the manufacture of soil-cement bricks. The characterization of the samples was essential for the development of the work because there could be variations in the mineralogical composition, granulometry and chemical composition that could interfere with the parameters of the bricks and, after their manufacture, compressive strength and moisture absorption tests were carried out. water. As a result, bricks with high compressive strength and low water absorption were obtained, meeting the minimum parameters required by standards ABNT NBR 8491 (2012): Tijolo de solo cimento – requisitos and ABNT NBR 8492 (2012): Tijolo de solo-cimento – Análise dimensional, determinação da resistência à compressão e da absorção de água – Método de ensaio, proving that they are compatible with bricks commonly supplied on the market.
11
  • FERNANDA VIEIRA BORGES CAIXETA
  • TECHNOLOGICAL CONTROL IN EARTHMOVING WORKS: CASE STUDY APPLIED TO THE MINING DAM
     
  • Líder : DENISE DE CARVALHO URASHIMA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • DENISE DE CARVALHO URASHIMA
  • LUIZ PINHEIRO DA GUIA
  • LUCAS DELEON FERREIRA
  • EDUARDO SOUZA CÂNDIDO
  • Data: 27-nov-2023
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Technological control, frequently used in quality management for civil construction works with a focus on compliance with regulatory procedures, is used to ensure the traceability of information throughout the entire construction period with the aim of determining the causes and responsibilities for failures and subsequently, highlight the negotiations that meet the requirements established in the project. Commonly, land works were carried out in order to follow the normative procedures in relation to soil tests, but it was limited to these records, without feedback of project information in the preparation of as built and, with the collection of information maintained in a temporary. The adjustments relating to technological control and traceability of information for earthworks were implemented, mainly for earthworks intended for the mining area to contain tailings, due to compliance with legislation and requirements established in the National Dam Safety Policy (PNSB), where through one of its instruments, the Dam Safety Plan (PSB), establishes the periodicity of execution or updating, qualification of those responsible, minimum content and level of detail. Therefore, the project's technical documentation must be made available with the technical characteristics of the project and construction; projects (basic and/or executive) and; project as built in the case of constructed dams. The main objective of the research was to present the technological controls developed for a case study of a mining dam adaptation work in order to guarantee the quality of the structure and reliability of the data, in light of regulatory procedures and technical specifications. Additionally, it highlighted the use of technology, used in the fields of architecture, engineering and industrial construction in recent years, in favor of information traceability through Building Information Modeling (BIM), which makes it possible to visualize data in three dimensions. The results obtained were assertive controls, evidence and validation of all parties involved in the execution of activities carried out at the landfill, drainage elements (vertical filter and horizontal mat), surface drainage and design changes. It is concluded that the controls developed and compiled in BIM are promising for ensuring the traceability and reliability of information quickly, as the metadata is available in three dimensions (3D) in order to facilitate the visualization of the results.

     
12
  • ISABELA VASCONCELOS LEITE DE FREITAS
  • MONITORING AN IRON ORE TAILINGS DAM: CORRELATIONS BETWEEN GEOPHYSICAL AND GEOTECHNICAL DATA

     
     
     
  • Líder : HERSILIA DE ANDRADE E SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • HERSILIA DE ANDRADE E SANTOS
  • NATAL JUNIO PIRES
  • LUCIANO MOZER DE ASSIS
  • Data: 21-dic-2023

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Iron ore tailings dams must be constantly monitored for safety purposes. Among the aspects traditionally monitored are geotechnical aspects such as piezometric levels along the dam. Recently, geophysics, a science that studies, among other things, dynamic processes in the Earth, has contributed to non-invasive monitoring using electro-resistivity methods. Geophysical methods provide a large amount of data in relatively quick samples, but there is little information on the integration of traditional geotechnical and geophysical techniques. This work therefore aimed to evaluate the relationship between geophysical data, monitored every 15 days between May 2022 and March 2023, and geotechnical data from an iron ore tailings dam located in the Iron Quadrangle. The geophysical method used was two-dimensional electrical imaging with a Schlumberger array and analysis of variance and multiple regression were used to evaluate the relationship between resistivity values, piezometer level, sampling time, and rainfall. Electroresistivity was significantly explained by piezometry while sampling time and rainfall did not significantly explain electroresistivity. Therefore, the dam's electroresistivity patterns have not changed significantly over time and local rainfall does not imply an immediate response in resistivity. These conclusions can support new directions in decisions about monitoring iron ore tailings dams and therefore contribute to advances in dam safety in the mining sector.

     
     
     
2022
Disertaciones
1
  • PATRICK TEIXEIRA OLIVEIRA
  • Haulage productivity increase using telemetry in a phosphate mine in the Alto Paranaíba Region -MG

  • Líder : MARCELIO PRADO FONTES
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • LUCIANO NUNES CAPPONI
  • MARCELIO PRADO FONTES
  • MICHEL MELO OLIVEIRA
  • WALTER SCHMIDT FELSCH JUNIOR
  • Data: 10-feb-2022
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The competitiveness that companies face in the market becomes more and more intense, so it is of great importance that processes are carried out efficiently, minimizing losses. In mining, the exploration phase allows for cost reduction with good management of ore and waste loading and transport operations for the subsequent stages of the production process. The transport of these materials is mostly done by trucks, whose productivity is directly influenced by the average speed. This work defined, created tools and dashboards for managing average speed. Thus, enabling better management of team performance, mapping and field work to improve access conditions. The results of the work showed an increase in productivity of 13% for the Caterpillar fleet and 10.8% for the Komatsu fleet, leading to savings of R$3.078 million in operating costs. Improvements were also identified in the safety and ergonomics of the roads and standardized direction of access maintenance resources.

2
  • GABRIELA BRENDA DE LIMA RIBEIRO
  • High-performance concrete (HPC) using phosphate ore magnetic tailings

     
  • Líder : MARCELA MAIRA NASCIMENTO DE SOUZA SOARES
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MARCELA MAIRA NASCIMENTO DE SOUZA SOARES
  • AUGUSTO CESAR DA SILVA BEZERRA
  • ALEXANDER MARTIN SILVEIRA GIMENEZ
  • FLAVIA SPITALE JACQUES POGGIALI
  • DAYANA CRISTINA SILVA GARCIA
  • Data: 27-jun-2022
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The increasing amount of tailings generated in mining activities has raised the interest of several researchers in providing an appropriate destination for them. At the same time, the pursuit of sustainable materials provides motivation for using magnetic tailings as a fine aggregate in concrete. This study aims to develop a high-performance concrete (HPC) with partial replacement of the fine aggregate by magnetic tailings derived from the phosphate rock beneficiation process in Araxá in the Alto Paranaíba Mesoregion of Minas Gerais. The purpose is to improve the pore structure of concrete by optimizing the packing of granular materials and incorporating mineral addition, as well as adjusting the workability using chemical additive. After determining the concrete mix, cylindrical specimens will be molded (10 cm × 20 cm), then they will remain in wet curing for 28 days. Following that, the properties of the concrete produced in the hardened state will be evaluated through the tests: compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, water absorption, specific weight and durability when exposed to sulfuric acid attack. The results will be compared with the reference concrete to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed replacement. It is expected to produce a concrete with a slump of approximately 150 mm, dense matrix, compressive strength greater than 60 MPa and that presents good durability.

     
     
3
  • ANDRÉ RICARDO CALCIOLARI
  • EVALUATION OF BIOCHAR PREPARATION FROM SILVER COFFEE SKIN PYROLYSIS AND ITS VIABILITY IN THE REMOVAL OF Pb2+ IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION

     
     
     
     
     
     
  • Líder : MARIO GUIMARAES JUNIOR
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MARIO GUIMARAES JUNIOR
  • MICHELLY DOS SANTOS OLIVEIRA
  • JOÃO RODRIGO COIMBRA NOBRE
  • CORDÉLIA ALVES RIOS
  • Data: 27-jun-2022
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The mineral sector stands out as one of the industrial activities that most impact the environment. In this sense, it has contributed to the generation of a large of tailings and solid wastes that can contain a wide range of toxic metals. Added to this is the generation of waste of another nature from agricultural activities that also impact the environment when discarded without any treatment. From this perspective, biochar has been investigated as a promising alternative to improve water and soil quality. Its adsorptive properties can be enhanced by optimizing of its production conditions and/or by physical or chemical activation. However, although activation has several advantages, it almost always results in high cost and secondary waste generation. This work aimed to evaluate the potential of coffee silverskin biochar (BC) in the removal of the Pb2+ ions from in aqueous solution. The BC was prepared in a low-oxygen muffle furnace at five temperature levels (338 °C, 400 °C, 550 °C, 700 °C, and 768 °C) and residence times (95, 120, 180, 240, and 265 min) with a heating rate of 10 °C/min. The experimental design is based on the central composite design 22, with 5 repetitions in the center. The experimental design was applied to investigate the effects of temperature and residence time variables on methylene blue (MB) adsorption capacity and BC yield. Studies of kinetics and equilibrium of adsorption of MB were also carried out to verify the adsorbent potential of the material. The BC with the best adsorption performance was selected and evaluated egarding its ability to remove Pb2+ ions from aqueous solutions. This BC was subjected to additional characterizations regarding its specific surface area (N2 adsorption), surface functional groups (FTIR), elemental analysis (CHNS-O), surface charge (Zero point charge - ZPC), thermal stability (TG/DTG), chemical structure and crystallinity (Raman Spectroscopy/XRD). The results obtained from the response surface methodology (RSM) revealed that the pyrolysis temperature exerted significant effects on the adsorption capacity and yield of BC. The combination of parameters that came closest to the optimal conditions determined by the RSM was regarding the BC prepared at 400 °C and 120 min (BC1). The kinetic and equilibrium
    data were better fitted by the Elovich (R
    2(aj.) = 0.998; χ2 = 5.495) and Langmuir (R2(aj.) = 0.952; 2χ = 106.714) models, respectively, suggesting that chemisorption was the dominant mechanism and that the adsorption occurred in monolayer. The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax), for BC1, of 160.08 mg/g and the value of the separation factor (RL), between 0.58 and 0.03; indicate that the adsorption of MB by BC1 was favorable. The amount of lead remaining was quantified by the microwave induced plasma optical emission spectrometry (MIP-OES) technique. The BC1 showed an efficiency of 93.0% in the removal of Pb2+ ions from the aforementioned solution. Additional tests showed that the BC7 sample, pyrolyzed at 550 °C for 95 min, removed up to 96.6% of Pb2+ ions from the same solution, showing an excellent fit and reliability of the results. Therefore, PPC BCs can be considered promising adsorbents for the decontamination of lead ions present in an aqueous solution and can be a sustainable and more affordable alternative when compared to activated carbon.

     
     
     
     
     
4
  • Laura Borges Costa
  • Mortar feasibility study with phyllite addition
  • Líder : ALEXANDER MARTIN SILVEIRA GIMENEZ
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ALEXANDER MARTIN SILVEIRA GIMENEZ
  • DELMA PEREIRA CAIXETA
  • FABIO DE SAO JOSE
  • MARCELA MAIRA NASCIMENTO DE SOUZA SOARES
  • Data: 29-jun-2022
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Mining has a huge influence on the world’s economy, being responsible for the generation of several direct and indirect jobs. However, mining collides with a recurrent and inherent process in the industry: waste generation. Environmental sustainability actions have been adopted in different production line aiming to reduce the impacts involved on the generation and storage of that waste materials. Therefore, the goal of this project is to apply phyllite, an abundant rock in Brazil, and often considered as a waste of mining, in mortars as a substitute for binder (lime) and fine aggregate, without changing the properties of the mortar due to the presence of the phyllite, and aiming inserting in the market a new product with good technical performance and economic viability. For this, laboratory tests were carried out following national standards, totaling a standard mix and five replacements in traditionally dosed mortar in the proportion of 1:1:6 in volume of cement, binder and sand, in which 50% of the fine aggregate was replaced by different granulometric ranges of phyllite and 37.5% and 75% of the quantities of phyllite inserted as a binder substitute. Cylindrical specimens of 5x10 cm and squares of 5x5x5 cm were molded in order to perform uniaxial compressive strength, permeability, hardened state density tests, as well as water retention tests, fresh density tests. Furthermore, the mortar was applied to a roughened wall in order to analyze its performance and perform the permeability test. Through the tests’ preformation, is possible to conclude that the presence of phyllite on the mortar improves the analyzed properties such as uniaxial compressive strength, permeability, hardened state density tests, water retention tests, fresh density tests when compared with the standard mortar, especially the substitutions C1A and C1A2.

5
  • JOAO VICTOR DA SILVA ALVES
  • EVALUATION OF MAGNAFLOC AND SODIUM ALGINATE REAGENTS FOR TREATMENT OF MINERAL EFFLUENT FROM FERTILIZER COMPANIES USING DISSOLVED AIR FLOTATION

     
  • Líder : NATAL JUNIO PIRES
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • NATAL JUNIO PIRES
  • ALEXANDER MARTIN SILVEIRA GIMENEZ
  • MICHELLY DOS SANTOS OLIVEIRA
  • FERNANDO BRANDAO RODRIGUES DA SILVA
  • LEANDRO HENRIQUE SANTOS
  • Data: 30-jun-2022
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Water is a strategic resource for mining, especialy in the processing of ores. Thus, the best use of this resource, including its reuse, is essential given its scarcity and increasingly stringent environmental restrictions. However, the reuse of water, especialy in flotation, can reduce the efficiency of the process, due to the presence of the various ions dissolved in it. For phosphate ore flotation, magnesium, fluoride, phosphate and calcium ions frequently occur in reuse water and can impact flotation results. In this sense, this work aimed to obtain a better quality water through coagulation, flocculation and dissolved air flotation (FAD), in order to enable its reuse and thus be able to reuse it in the apatite flotation. To develop this work, samples of reused water (tailings dam), new water and ore samples were colected from a fertilizer company located in Alto Paranaíba. A factorial design was carried out to evaluate the treatment of reuse water using the reagents Magnafloc and Sodium Alginate. With this, a better quality treated water was obtained, which could be used in the apatite flotation. Apatite flotation tests were also carried out using untreated reuse water and fresh water so that it is possible to compare the flotation efficiency. With this work, it was achieved that the treatment of reuse water via coagulation, flocculation and FAD is a technical solution for the treatment of this effluent, whether for reuse in apatite flotation or for return to springs.

     
6
  • JOÃO ANTÔNIO TEIXEIRA SOARES
  • SAFETY OF DAMS BASED ON STATISTICAL OPERATIONAL CONTROLS
     
  • Líder : THIAGO BOMJARDIM PORTO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • THIAGO BOMJARDIM PORTO
  • NATAL JUNIO PIRES
  • RONDERSON QUEIROZ HILÁRIO
  • MARCOS ANTÔNIO LEMOS JÚNIOR
  • JOÃO FRANCISCO ALVES SILVEIRA
  • Data: 22-jul-2022
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The operation phase of dams can extend for decades and, therefore, monitoring and inspection activities are essential. Auscultation of dams aims the safety conditions assessment and checking of design assumptions. This system generates a huge database that needs to be processed to obtain information about the behavior of the structure. The representative database should be used to statistical analyses that enables the identification of standards about the soil behavior, seasonality and, mainly, the rapid identification of behavior changing of the structure based on statistical operational controls. To understand the complex performance and behavior of dams, the monitoring should integrate the monitoring technologies, automated instrumentation, friendly and intuitive platform to results visualization and the implantation of deterministic and statistical operational control. Therefore, was observed the potential of development of a statistical operational control using the Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), that is the one of most techniques used to model the linear correlation between a dependent variable and one, or more, independent variables. The utilization of MLR to identification of water table or piezometric line (dependent variable) in relation of independent variables: reservoir water level, rainfall and v-notch data. The database used in the study consist of 20 water level indicators, 5 piezometers, 1 reservoir level indicator and 1 v-notch wier according to a period between 2017 and 2021. After the development phase, was possible to characterize scenarios of operation like the seasonality and even anomalous scenarios like rainwater infiltration inside the instrument. Among the 25 instruments, the MLR proved to be satisfactory to 16 of them, with a prediction potential up to 97%. After the conclusion of the research, was certified that Multiple Linear Regression applied to statistical control levels of dam’s safety complies with the best practices of monitoring of dams.

     
7
  • AMANDA APARECIDA CARNEIRO
  •  

     
     
     
     
  • Líder : MARIO GUIMARAES JUNIOR
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANTÔNIO EDUARDO CLARK PERES
  • LÍLIAN LIS DE ANDRADE CANTUÁRIO COSTA
  • HENRIQUE GONÇALVES TEIXEIRA
  • MARIO GUIMARAES JUNIOR
  • MICHELLY DOS SANTOS OLIVEIRA
  • Data: 30-sep-2022
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  •  

     
     
     
     
8
  • TIAGO ALVES
  • METHODOLOGY FOR ANALYSIS OF COSTS FOR SIZING LOADING AND TRANSPORTATION FLEETS IN AN OPEN CART MINE

  • Líder : HENRIQUE JOSE AVELAR
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • HENRIQUE JOSE AVELAR
  • MICHEL MELO OLIVEIRA
  • WALTER SCHMIDT FELSCH JUNIOR
  • Data: 20-oct-2022
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The constant availability of new technologies and the advancement of industry 4.0 are transforming the mining scenario around the world. Every year new tools and functionalities are made available, the size of the equipment is maximized and techniques for productivity gains are implemented in the operations. In a mine operation, loading and transport activities are responsible for a large part of the total expenses and the dimensioning of the resources to be applied in them must be carried out with absolute criteria and with analyzes that make it possible to find the best scenario. It is in this context that the correct dimensioning of equipment in a mine operation becomes increasingly important, in order to obtain the best cost-benefit optimization, maximizing financial gains. This work presents techniques for analyzing and sizing loading and transport equipment in open pit mine operations, as well as demonstrating how the search for a combination of these equipment is essential for an efficient operation. In addition, the work presents and demonstrates how the development of a tool that correlates and groups the main resources and techniques necessary and available for the elaboration and analysis of sizing, can bring a more robust and consistent result for decision making.

9
  • MARIA EUGÊNIA FERREIRA CAMPOS
  • DEFORMATION ASSOCIATED WITH THE ALKALINE-CARBONATITIC INTRUSION OF TAPIRA, MINAS GERAIS

     
     
  • Líder : HILDOR JOSE SEER
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MARIA EUGÊNIA SILVA DE SOUZA
  • ALLAN ERLIKHMAN MEDEIROS SANTOS
  • CARLOS HUMBERTO SILVA
  • HILDOR JOSE SEER
  • Data: 27-oct-2022
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The Tapira Alkaline-Carbonatitic Complex is a domic intrusion, with an elliptical shape on the surface, approximately 6.5km in diameter and 35km² in area, resulting from the amalgamation of two ultrabasic magma intrusions, five of carbonatite and one of syenite, occurring embedded in quartzites and pre-Cambrian shales of the Canastra Group. Located 35km southwest of Araxá, the Tapira complex has great economic relevance as it houses the largest phosphate rock mining in Brazil, also having residual deposits with no current economic use of niobium, titanium and rare earths, which are located in the mantle of weathering . This complex is the result of a regional magmatic event that gave rise to a set of intrusive circular structures aligned for more than 1000km in the NW-SE direction and pyroclastic flows of kamafugitic affiliation, known as the Alto Paranaíba Igneous Province (APIP). The structural features recognized in the surroundings of the complex show that the spatial attitude of the main foliation of the enclosing rocks, of Neoproterozoic origin, was modified by the intrusion process, where low angle dips to steep dips are observed, with ring patterns around the dome. The detailed structural mapping will allow to know the deformational effects caused by the process of igneous rise of the domic intrusion originating in the complex. Understanding the structural framework of the region's lithologies may be a subsidy for future studies on the hydrogeological behavior of fissured aquifers in the region, as well as for mine planning, construction of dams and other structures supported on the rock mass, especially those built by fertilizer mining company, currently MOSAIC.

     
     
10
  • MARIA VIRGÍNIA DA CUNHA
  • EVALUATION OF DISPERSION IN THE SLIDING AND PHOSPHATE ORE FLOTATION

  • Líder : MICHELLY DOS SANTOS OLIVEIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • FABIO DE SAO JOSE
  • LUCIANO FERNANDES DE MAGALHAES
  • MARIO GUIMARAES JUNIOR
  • MICHELLY DOS SANTOS OLIVEIRA
  • Data: 28-oct-2022
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Deslaming is one of the stages of the processing of phosphatic ore, responsible for the removal of fines and slats. It is known that the presence of fines can cause numerous problems in the flotation stage, such as excessive expenditure of reagents and coating of coarse particles by slime coating. Within this line of reasoning, the present work is justified by the benefits brought by the elimination of very fine particles, which favors the increase of selectivity and the recovery of P2O5. The reduction in the amount of reagents followed by increased efficiency of the deslaming stage are also auspicious hypotheses. Furthermore, the purpose of the project is to investigate the influence of dispersion on deslamation and flotation of phosphotic ore, in addition to articulating the comparison of dispersants and pH values, using for this outcome the calculation of the degree of dispersion, global metallurgical recovery, the selectivity ratio and the analysis of content in the deslamation and flotation operation. In this sense, it is expected with this research, the optimization of deslamation and also flotation, seeking better results, through dispersion techniques. To achieve these goals, flotation tests; deslaming combined with flotation; dispersion combined with deslamion and flotation; and dispersion combined with flotation, were produced and verified. For this, a sample of phosphatic ore from a company located in the Alto Paranaíba region, in the state of Minas Gerais, was used. The dispersion tests were performed by means of a dispersion tube and optimized with the aid of the Minitab software. Flotation and deslamation assays were performed in mechanical cells. The use of dispersants proved to be efficient for deslaming because it decreased the value of metallurgical loss. However, dispersants previously added to flotation contributed to increase metallurgical recovery, but only one assay had an increase in P2O5 content. The sodium hexametaphosphate reagent at the dosage of 3000 g/t provided the highest degree of dispersion, but in the bench flotation presented the lowest values of metallurgical recovery and P2O5 content. The experiment using sodium silicate, with deslamion and dosage of 3000 g/t, was the best condition for both deslamation and flotation. Finally, when comcing the flotation assay and flotation assay with deslamation (both without adding dispersants), it is observed that despite the decrease in metallurgical recovery, there is an increase in P2O5 content and selectivity ratios. These increases may justify the use of deslamation preceding flotation.

11
  • SARA NUZA OLIVEIRA DOS REIS GONÇALVES
  • PHOTOCATALYTIC PERFORMANCE OF ALCALI MATERIAL ACTIVATED ON THE BASE OF RED MUD AND BLAST FURNACE SLAG

  • Líder : AUGUSTO CESAR DA SILVA BEZERRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • AUGUSTO CESAR DA SILVA BEZERRA
  • DOMINGOS SAVIO DE RESENDE
  • MARCELA MAIRA NASCIMENTO DE SOUZA SOARES
  • GUILHERME JORGE BRIGOLINI SILVA
  • Data: 31-oct-2022
  • Ver Disertación/Tesis  

  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • One of the main concerns of the mining industry is the large amount of waste generated in mineral extraction and processing. In addition to causing impacts on the environment, these wastes occupy large areas and can cause problems in their disposal. Many studies have been and are being performed in order to reuse these environmental passives, aiming to reduce environmental damage. Based on this, this work seeks to produce alternative materials to Portland cement through the alkali activation process of industrial waste. On a second step, these alkali-activated materials (AAMs) will be investigated in relation to their degrading potential of solutions of methylene blue dye (MB) from synthetic effluents. The alkali activated materials will be produced essentially from red mud (RM) and blast furnace slag (BFS), which will be ground to pass 200 mesh sieves. These precursors will be characterized through laser granulometry, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), loss-on-ignition (LOI), thermogravimetry (TGA), adsorption and desorption of nitrogen gas (BET) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The literature review supported the AAMs definitions of main parameters of composition, dosage and production methodologies. The alkali-activation effectiveness will be determined through compression resistance and water absorption tests and  microstructural analysis of the AAMs formed. Then, the mix in which it was possible to obtain better mechanical strength and good decontaminating potential will be evaluated.

12
  • INGRID GUIMARÃES SILVEIRA E SILVA
  • Hydro-Geotechnical Modelling of a Tailings Dam raised centerline

     
  • Líder : DENISE DE CARVALHO URASHIMA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • DENISE DE CARVALHO URASHIMA
  • EDUARDO SOUZA CÂNDIDO
  • LUCAS DELEON FERREIRA
  • Data: 31-oct-2022
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  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • In the ore beneficiation process tailings that can be discarded in the form of pulp or mud, in structures such as dams or dykes are generated. In the event of a break, those tailings can cause high environmental, social and economic damage. Moreover, the process of monitoring and safety of tailings dams presents some hydro-geotechnical complexity. In this context, this research presents a stability study, through numerical modeling of a phosphate tailings dam raised by the centerline method. The modelling framework is based on the knowledge of the groundwater flow and seepage networks, which are applied to verify the safety factor of the structure in two different scenarios: the first considers a high water level (NA) and flooding in the downstream region of the dam and the second considers the execution of works that reinforce and drawdown of the reservoir water level. It is noteworthy that the second scenario complies with premises established by the Agência Nacional de Mineração (ANM) for the stability condition . Thus, this study is based on field and laboratory geological-geotechnicals investigations that were used to support the necessary inputs in the numerical modeling, carried out by the SLIDE software from ROCSCIENCE. From the database analysis, two geological-geotechnical sections were defined, called B-B' and E-E', as being the most representative of the dam under study. To represent the boundary conditions of the model, the average permeabilities of each constituent material of these sections were determined, as well as the elevations of piezometers and water level meters. For the stability analysis, preterits strength parameters are being used, which enabled the analysis of global and partial safety factors in drained and undrained conditions. A preliminary result of the geological-geotechnical section E-E', presents for the first scenario global safety factors equal to 2.06 and 1.32 for the drained and undrained condition, respectively. Partial safety factors equal to 1.96 and 1.32 for the drained and undrained condition, respectively, were found as well. Therefore, the undrained condition, for the first scenario of section E-E', did not meet the recommended in ABNT NBR 13.028:2017, which defines the safety factor greater than or equal to 1.50 for operation with seepage network in normal condition. The next stages of the research aim to compare the results of the first and second scenarios, from both geological-geotechnical sections B-B' and E-E', in order to numerically evaluate the efficiency of the corrective maintenance works performed.

     
13
  • VITOR AFFONSO LOPES SILVEIRA
  • Waste from the Sanitary Ceramic industry as Supplementary Cementium Material

  • Líder : DOMINGOS SAVIO DE RESENDE
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ALEXANDER MARTIN SILVEIRA GIMENEZ
  • DOMINGOS SAVIO DE RESENDE
  • MARCELA MAIRA NASCIMENTO DE SOUZA SOARES
  • AUGUSTO CESAR DA SILVA BEZERRA
  • ANTONIO MARIA CLARET GOUVEIA
  • Data: 31-oct-2022
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  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The manufacturing process of sanitary ceramics leads to the generation of industrial waste with different characteristics, obtained according to the processing steps in which they are generated and the products manufactured. The chemical composition of these materials are similar of their raw material, and their physical properties can be easily modified in order to reuse them. Thus, several works have been developed to value materials like this. It is believed that they can be used as a supplementary raw material in the production of civil construction objects, either through their application as aggregates or even as a partial replacement for Portland cement. To contribute to the carbon footprint, as well as the preservation of mineral resources, the cement industry has used supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) as a partial replacement of clinker in Portland cement. In this sense, the present work evaluated the reuse potential of solid waste accumulated in a settling pond of an industry located in the Minas Gerais triangle. For this, the collected sample was characterized by granulometric analysis, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, microscopy, and loss on ignition. To evaluate the residue as SCM, tests of heat of hydration, electrical conductivity in calcium hydroxide solution and determination of the performance index with Portland cement were carried out. Concrete mortars were produced with partial replacement (12.5% and 25%) of a cement with reduced additions by the residue. These mortars were evaluated by means of compressive strength at seven and 28 days, specific mass, voids ratio, water absorption and performance against acid attack. The chemical composition by XRF indicated the oxides SiO2, CaO and Al2O3 and the XRD analysis points to the presence of quartz, kaolinite and bassanite as predominant minerals. The application of the residue reduced the heat of hydration and the porosity of the mortar, leading to an increase in its durability. Although the electrical conductivity results point to non-pozzolanicity, the compressive strength did not show significant changes, which suggests that the residue can be used in pozzolanic cement compositions (CP IV).

     
14
  • MARINA MARTINS
  • EFFECT OF FLOCCULANTS IN THE THICKENING AND RHEOLOGY OF IRON ORE TAILING SLURRYS

  • Líder : MICHELLY DOS SANTOS OLIVEIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MICHELLY DOS SANTOS OLIVEIRA
  • NATAL JUNIO PIRES
  • FRANCISCO GREGIANIN TESTA
  • SILVIA CRISTINA ALVES FRANÇA
  • Data: 31-oct-2022
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  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The storage of tailings in the form of diluted pulp has been a critical issue for a mineral, as tailings dams are difficult and costly to monitor. In view of this, the dewatering of the tailings becomes an alternative so that the dams can contain smaller volumes of water. Thickening is the main process for dewatering the tailings, and the use of flocculants at this stage is essential so that the fine particles can settle more efficiently. This work aimed to evaluate the influence of different flocculants on the dewatering and rheology of an iron ore tailings. For this, sedimentation tests were carried out in proof in order to obtain the sedimentation velocity, turbidity of the clarified and % of solids in the underflow. To evaluate the influence of the reagents on the rheology of the material, rheological slump tests were carried out in a rotational rheometer. The accumulated reagents were polyacrylamides from the Magnafloc, Alclar and Rheomax lines from BASF and also a residual potato starch. The results showed that the reagents positively interfered in the sedimentation and rheology of the tailings. Among the improved synthetic reagents, Rheo 1050 at a dosage of 30g/t was the one that clarified the best results with a maximum sedimentation velocity of 0.76 cm/s, a minimum turbidity of 60.5N and 53.75% solids. no underflow. The maximum yield stress of the tailings slurry, 141 Pa, was also achieved for this same reagent and in the mass concentration of solids of 75%, classifying the thickened tailings as high density waste.

15
  • FRANCISCO DE CASTRO VALENTE NETO

  • MAGNETIC WASTE INCORPORATION INTO ACTIVATED ALCALI MATERIALS

     
  • Líder : DOMINGOS SAVIO DE RESENDE
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • DOMINGOS SAVIO DE RESENDE
  • MARCELA MAIRA NASCIMENTO DE SOUZA SOARES
  • ALEXANDER MARTIN SILVEIRA GIMENEZ
  • AUGUSTO CESAR DA SILVA BEZERRA
  • ANTONIO MARIA CLARET GOUVEIA
  • Data: 20-dic-2022
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  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • It is common knowledge that the cement industry is one of the largest producers of CO2 on the planet, starting from the burning of fuel (coal, fuel oil or gas) and the transformation of calcium carbonate into calcium oxide in the formulation of clinker, Portland cement. common. In this way, several studies are carried out to investigate the reduction and/or replacement of this cement, one of them is the alkali activation process of specific materials for the formation of a compound with agglomerating properties. In addition, there is another environmental problem resulting from the tailings generated by mining, which are usually deposited in dams. One of these wastes is magnetic waste, which basically consists of the mineral magnetite, and which, to date, no technical and economic way has been found for its use. Therefore, this work aims to incorporate the magnetic waste in alkali-activated materials in order to study the physical and mechanical behavior of these compounds. For this purpose, magnetic tailings were used, originating from the processing of phosphate ore from a mine in Goiás, and blast furnace slag from the production of pig iron was used as a precursor. The magnetic waste, as it was received, was dried in an oven and sieved. The blast furnace slag was received already dry and sieved. All these materials were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), X-Ray Fluorescence (FRX). The blast furnace slag was activated with sodium hydroxide PA. Specimens measuring 25 mm in diameter and 50 mm in height were made with activated alkali slag only (REF), with activated alkali slag and sand (EA) and with activated alkali slag and magnetic waste (ERM). The curing period was 7 and 28 days, from which tests were carried out on compressive strength, water absorption, and sulfuric acid attack. It was verified that the magnetic waste contributed positively to the studied mechanical properties. In this way, it is expected to contribute to a better understanding of the behavior of this type of composite.

     
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