BONDING OF STEEL BARS IN CONCRETE WITH CARBON NANOTUBES
Bond Strength; Reinforced Concrete; Cementitious Materials; Pull-out Test; Sustainability
Advances and innovations in science and engineering have been increasingly supported by nanotechnology, and nanoengineering's modification of cementitious materials is an expanding field. Due to its relevant economic and environmental importance, improvements in the characteristics of Portland cement-based products interest the industry and society. In this sense, research has investigated the behavior of concrete with carbon nanotube addition (CNT–concrete), and the results indicate improvements in the mechanical properties of concrete. However, issues related to the use of CNT in cementitious materials still need to be better understood. One of them is the steel-concrete bond, the mechanism that ensures the excellent behavior of reinforced concrete structures. Thus, this theoretical and experimental study investigates the steel bar adherence in CNT–concrete and its mechanical properties and durability. An extensive literature review on the steel-concrete bond and CNT–concrete's mechanical and durability properties have been performed. The experimental campaign will consist of the following tests: (i) mechanical characterization, namely compressive strength, elastic modulus, and tensile strength; (ii) durability, namely electrical resistivity, and ultrasonic pulse velocity, porosity, water absorption, and mass loss; (iii) pull-out tests, aiming to evaluate the influence of the CNT content, steel bar surface, bar diameter, bar anchorage length, and the concrete strength on the maximum bond strength; (iv) X-ray computed tomography, to evaluate the influence of defects at the interface between the steel bar and the CNT–concrete; and (v) scanning electron microscopy, to analyze the CNT–concrete microstructure. The results will be statistically explored, and their interpretation will allow a better understanding of the relationship between CNT addition to concrete and the phenomenon of adherence with steel bars. This work will contribute to a future Brazilian standardization of procedures for the execution, application, and design of structures built with CNT–concrete and developing more strength and sustainable structures.