CONCRETE 3D-PRINTING WITH LOW-CARBON MATERIALS FOR SOCIAL HOUSING IN BRAZIL
3D Printing; low-carbon materials; sustainability; Brazil; social housing.
The development of new technologies has been transforming various sectors of the industry, involving the increasing use of robots, artificial intelligence, and large volumes of data. Even though it still appears conservative in many aspects, the Construction Industry is no exception. A prime example of this is the utilization of 3D Printing (3DP) for building construction, which employs cementitious material as binder and offers significant advantages over conventional construction. However, it is well-known that not only this technology, but also the Construction Industry as a whole, relies heavily on Portland cement, which emits substantial amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere during its production process, posing a significant environmental challenge. Consequently, construction methods based on low-carbon materials, such as those derived from earth/soil or alkali-activated materials, for instance, have garnered attention in the industry due to their use of locally available and minimally processed materials. Thus, 3DP with low-carbon materials could present a more sustainable and economically advantageous proposition. However, a significant challenge lies in reaching those who most need this combination of speed and sustainability. Therefore, the present study aims to assess the feasibility of using 3DP with low-carbon materials for socially housing in Brazil. To achieve this, tests will be conducted on low-carbon formulations to verify parameters related to 3DP, such as extrudability, consistency, and shear strength, in addition to creating a 3D model, assessing masonry construction costs, and conducting a life cycle analysis. The objective is to achieve a low-carbon formulation that is technically comparable to the currently employed formulation while significantly reducing costs.