Experimental and Analytical Investigation of Bond and Cracking Behaviours in GFRP-Reinforced Concrete Members
Bond behaviour, bond-dependent coefficient, cracking, GFRP bar, prism tension test, pull-out test
Although Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) reinforcing bars are becoming commonplace, their mechanical properties – low modulus of elasticity and high tensile strength – result in design of GFRP-reinforced concrete members (GFRP-RC) often being governed by deflection and crack control at the serviceability limit state. Bond performance of GFRP bars impacts the crack control provided and, due to the empirical nature of bond characterisation in design, bond of GFRP remains described in relation to that of steel. To describe the bond performance of GFRP bars, a bond-dependent coefficient, kb, is adopted in design guides and standards. The bond and cracking behaviours of GFRP bars embedded in concrete – including the estimation of kb – were investigated through 80 pull-out and 12 non-standard prism tension tests. The evaluation of kb using ASTM D7913 pull-out, confirming the bond performance using a smaller number of prism tension tests, is proposed. This non-standard test has the advantage of providing quantitative, in addition to qualitative comparison of cracking behaviour as it is affected by reinforcing bar characteristics. The data obtained in this experimental programme supplemented an extant database of 137 comparable pull-out test results covering a range of GFRP bar and concrete parameters. In order to demonstrate the influence of some parameters in the estimation of kb, this work also presents an analytical study of kb based on 157 data available in 19 published studies in which kb was predicted from experimental flexural tests using GFRP bars.