DISCURSIVE HORIZONTALITY IN COMBATING BULLYING: the importance of training content multipliers based on the complexity paradigm
bullying; discursive horizontality; content multipliers; DIPAC; complexity. paradigm
Bullying is recognized as a social stressor with a negative impact on individuals' well-being and quality of life. It is characterized by peer violence and is particularly prevalent among children and adolescents in school settings. This endemic problem is not exclusive to this age group but also occurs among adults in universities and corporate environments worldwide, demanding attention from civil society and public institutions to combat this harmful practice. Efforts to address and attempt to eradicate this social issue span multiple scientific fields, including pedagogy, law, and psychology, yet have yielded limited results. Several variables hinder efforts to mitigate the problem, among them the resistance of school-aged children and adolescents when confronted by teachers or speakers attempting to raise awareness about bullying. Regardless of the underlying causes of this resistance and the role each student assumes in the cycle of school violence—whether as a victim, an aggressor, or a passive bystander—directly addressing bullying or cyberbullying in educational initiatives has proven ineffective due to students' resistance. Thus, this study aims to shift the source of discourse to horizontalize the dissemination of anti-bullying content. To achieve this, we advocate for the development of a content multiplier program in a municipal elementary school in Contagem, MG, utilizing active methodologies and applying the Adaptive Complex Pedagogical Interaction Dynamics (DIPAC) approach. Grounded in the complexity paradigm, this research investigates the potential reduction of school violence by transforming students into agents of change. The study proposes training a pre-selected group of students—chosen from among those who constitute the target audience of the future intervention—to act as peer educators. This approach reinforces discursive horizontality, suggesting that the effectiveness of anti-bullying initiatives lies more in the identity of the messenger than in the message itself. Ultimately, the study seeks to demonstrate that raising awareness among students through peer-led interventions may be a more effective strategy for combating school violence.