An Analysis of the Contagion Effect and its Possible Patterns for the Stock Market Indices of South American Countries in Relation to the United States and China
VAR; contagion effect; south american stock market indices
This study investigated the contagion effect between the stock markets of the five largest economies in South America and the stock markets of the United States and China. To capture the contagion effect, the vector autoregressive (VAR) methodology was used with the addition of two dummy variables that capture extreme values (outside the 5.00% and 95.00% percentiles) in the US and Chinese indices. For the estimation of the VAR models, 2,189 observations of the closing values of indices from Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Peru, the United States, and China were used, over the period from June 20, 2013 to November 19, 2021. The results showed that the Ibovespa index is an explanatory variable for the indices of the chilean, colombian, and peruvian markets. In times of normal operations, within the 5.00% and 95.00% percentiles, the stock markets of South American countries showed independence from the US and Chinese markets. However, extreme values in the US and Chinese markets infect the operations of South American countries. Thus, the results suggest that Brazil is an important stock market for South America and that the region’s markets are vulnerable to extreme events in the US and Chinese markets.