COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN BRAZIL: The sociodiscursive representation and enunciative strategies in political discourse
Discourse analysis. Semiolinguistic theory. Ethos. Pathos. Socio discursive representation.
The political discourse played a central role in the socio-discursive representation of the covid-19 pandemic (Corona Virus Disease 2019) in Brazil, which resulted in over 700,000 deaths in the country between 2020 and 2023. President Jair Bolsonaro, due to his social position and legitimacy, conferred veracity to this discourse. Drawing upon Discourse Analysis and Patrick Charaudeau's Semiolinguistic Theory, this dissertation sought to highlight how enunciative strategies operated in political discourse as a speech act during the health crisis. Four videos published on Jair Bolsonaro's personal profile on digital social networks, addressing the topics of public health and covid-19 in different scenographies and communicative situations, and with a high number of views, were analyzed. The analytical categories used were the construction of his image (ethos), pathemic elements in populist political discourse (pathos), and controversial interdiscursive relations. Comparative analysis identified common discursive strategies across all statements, such as downplaying the severity of the effects of covid-19, a dramaturgy that staged a populist discourse, dichotomy, and polarization of meanings in the socio-discursive representation of the pandemic through pathemic strategies. Constant justification in response to criticism was also observed, along with the use of controversial interdiscourse to reshape non-veridical meanings and the utilization of interdiscourse to evoke social images that influenced pathemic effects. Each analyzed microdevice projected a specific discursive ethos, contributing to the effectiveness of the discourse and exerting influence and persuasion.