TEXT PLATFORMIZATION: reconfiguration of writing and editing practices based on Google's algorithmic mediations
Algorithmic mediations. Editing. Visibility. Post-platform text. Search engine.
The production, circulation and reading of texts in a digital environment are crossed by online platforms. Therefore, we live in a post-platform digital culture, increasingly implicated in communication mediated by algorithms and the translation of everything into data. This research investigates the reconfiguration of writing and editing practices based on Google's algorithmic logic, which has established itself as an infrastructural platform capable of ordering, filtering and selecting immaterial production online. The incorporation of techniques in response to Google's ranking is common and practiced ambivalently by text producers and editors. The ambivalence lies in the fact that these producers feel, on the one hand, that they have to balance their work between relevance for audiences and for algorithms, on the other hand, many of them create production tactics that seem to beat Google's blackbox in the name of content performance. This research is theoretically supported by Text Linguistics, with references that understand the text not based on its essence, but rather on its production, circulation and reading conditions, that is, from its existence. As methodological inspirations, we have Platform Studies, Critical Algorithm Studies and Digital Methods, which have conceptual matrices originating from Science and Technology Studies. We are also inspired by Web Search Studies, which in turn feed on ideas from Information Retrieval. In the course of the research, we integrated two phases of qualitative methods: 1) document analysis of Google, to understand its operation and governance; 2) experiences of writing and editing texts, in a simulated space on Wordpress.com, to observe the practices incorporated by producers and editors. The corpus of phase 1 is composed of documents that have a legal emphasis and try to protect Google from harmful attitudes practiced by its users. There are also documents regarding the platform's expectations about what is appropriate or not when using the search engine, and also about what is ideal to achieve better content circulation performances. The corpus of phase 2 is composed of five texts that represent different modes of production, objectives, audiences and discursive genres. In the analysis, five categories emerged that allow us to connect Google's algorithmic eligibility with writing practices in a digital environment. We conclude that the platformization of the text is the phenomenon composed by the crossing of algorithmic criteria and norms, defined by the search engine, in writing and editing. We demonstrate that Google has changed our way of writing, because it has consolidated its indexing and classification model as almost inevitable, which forces text producers to write with a mythological relevance in mind. This tensioning gives rise to the post-platform text, of an immanent and contingent character, which is built in a hypertextual way due to the nature of the medium and the reading processes, but also in attention to the performance for visibility.